WASHINGTON — The United States continues to recognize the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Federal Republic of Somalia, including the Somaliland region, according to a report submitted by the administration of President Donald Trump to the U.S. Congress.
The document reaffirms Washington’s longstanding policy that Somaliland remains part of Somalia despite operating its own government, security institutions and administrative structures since declaring self-rule in 1991 following the collapse of Somalia’s central government.
According to the report, U.S. engagement with authorities in Hargeisa on matters related to security cooperation, economic development, humanitarian assistance and regional stability does not amount to diplomatic recognition of Somaliland as an independent state. American officials stressed that all such cooperation is conducted within the framework of U.S. policy supporting Somalia’s sovereignty and internationally recognized borders.
The administration noted that Somaliland occupies a strategically significant position along the Gulf of Aden, overlooking one of the world’s busiest maritime corridors. The region’s proximity to the Bab al-Mandab strait — a critical gateway connecting the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean — has increased its importance in international efforts to safeguard shipping routes and maintain regional security.
U.S. officials said stability in Somaliland and the wider Horn of Africa is essential to countering extremist threats, combating piracy and protecting global trade passing through the Red Sea. The report noted that American military and diplomatic officials, including representatives from the U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM), continue discussions with Somaliland authorities on issues related to regional security and counterterrorism.
The report also highlighted concerns about the potential impact of instability in the Red Sea region, including threats posed by armed groups operating across the Horn of Africa and Yemen. It said continued cooperation with local partners is important to prevent extremist networks from exploiting regional tensions.
Despite acknowledging Somaliland’s relative stability compared with other parts of Somalia, the administration said unresolved political questions surrounding the region’s status remain a major obstacle to broader international engagement. The report argued that uncertainty over Somaliland’s future continues to discourage some foreign investors and complicates efforts to expand infrastructure projects, develop ports and improve access to international financial systems.
According to the administration, greater cooperation between authorities in Hargeisa and Somalia’s federal government in Mogadishu could help unlock economic opportunities and strengthen regional stability. The report stressed that dialogue remains the preferred path for addressing outstanding political disputes.
The United States reiterated its support for peaceful negotiations between Mogadishu and Hargeisa, saying a constructive political process would contribute to long-term security, economic development and stability across Somalia and the wider Horn of Africa.
Washington has maintained its position on Somalia’s territorial integrity for decades, while simultaneously engaging Somaliland authorities on practical matters related to security, governance and development. The latest report signals that the administration sees no contradiction between maintaining those contacts and continuing to recognize Somaliland as part of the Federal Republic of Somalia.
